Zika Virus and Sexual Transmission

Zika virus, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, can also be sexually transmitted from an infected person to their partners, even if they show no symptoms. This transmission can occur through vaginal, anal, and possibly oral sex. Sharing sexual toys is another potential risk factor. The virus has been found in semen, vaginal fluids, saliva, urine, and breast milk, although there is no evidence of transmission through saliva during deep kissing.

If you're feeling confused and unsure whether you are infected or not, you will need to consult a doctor. You can also talk to us here:

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Is Zika Virus a Sexual Transmission Disease (STD)?

There is documented evidence of sexual transmission of the Zika virus from male-to-female, male-to-male, and female-to-male partners. Although female-to-female sexual transmission has not been reported, it remains biologically plausible. Females with Zika infection can pass the virus through vaginal fluids or menstrual blood. Notably, Zika virus transmission from asymptomatically infected males has been reported, with the virus shedding in semen and persisting after infection in both symptomatic and asymptomatic men. Transmission occurred before symptoms appeared, during symptomatic periods, and after symptoms resolved.

What are the symptoms of STD-related Zika infection?

• Mild fever
• Body aches
• Headaches
• Red eyes
• A rash on the body

The less common symptoms are:

• Stomach pain
• Queasiness
• Diarrhea

How to Prevent Zika from Being Sexually Transmitted 

To protect sex partners concerned about Zika virus infection, the use of condoms or abstinence is recommended. Given that the Zika virus persists longer in semen than in other bodily fluids, these precautions are crucial.

What is the Incubation Period for The Sexually Transmitted Zika Virus

According to the CDC, the longest recorded period from symptom onset to potential sexual transmission was between 32 and 41 days, though most cases show shorter intervals. Infectious Zika virus has been detected in semen up to 69 days after symptom onset. However, the presence of Zika virus RNA in semen does not necessarily indicate the presence of an infectious virus or a risk of sexual transmission. Studies indicate that Zika virus RNA shedding in semen declines over three months post-symptom onset, with less than 7% of individuals showing detectable RNA after 90 days. The average time for clearance of Zika virus RNA from semen is estimated to be 54 days.

Timeframes to Prevent Sexual Transmission

From the onset of symptoms, diagnosis, or return from travel, biological males should use condoms or abstain from sex for at least three months. Biological females should follow these precautions for at least two months.

Special Considerations for Pregnant Travelers

Zika infection during pregnancy can cause severe birth defects, making it crucial for pregnant individuals to avoid traveling to areas with active Zika outbreaks. If travel is necessary, they should rigorously follow guidelines to prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission during and after the trip. Travelers with pregnant partners should carefully consider the necessity of their travel, their ability to avoid mosquito bites, and the risk of transmitting Zika to their pregnant partner. Preventive measures include using condoms or abstaining from sex.

Advice for Those Planning Pregnancy

Individuals planning to become pregnant should prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission if they travel to areas with active Zika outbreaks. They should also consider delaying pregnancy according to recommended timeframes to reduce the risk of Zika-related complications. The CDC encourages shared decision-making between patients and healthcare providers to determine the appropriate waiting period before attempting conception after potential Zika exposure. Individual circumstances, such as age, fertility, and exposure details, should guide this decision.

Testing for Sexual Transmission Risk

Currently, testing blood, urine, or genital secretions to assess the risk of sexually transmitting Zika virus is not recommended. Negative test results can be misleading due to the potential for false negatives and the intermittent shedding of the virus in genital secretions.

All in all

In conclusion, awareness and preventive measures are crucial in managing the risk of sexual transmission of the Zika virus. Individuals should follow recommended guidelines to protect themselves and their partners from infection, particularly in regions with active Zika virus transmission.

Contact us at info.bkk@pulse-clinic.com or chat on your preferred platform:

 +66 65 237 1936    @PULSEClinic   PulseClinic